(a)      Except as otherwise provided in this section, a person shall be licensed by the Department as a child care home before the person may exercise care, custody, or control over a child who is alleged or adjudicated as delinquent or in need of supervision.

      (b)      This section does not apply:

            (1)      To a parent of the child;

            (2)      To an individual related to the child by blood or marriage within 4 degrees of consanguinity under the civil law rule;

            (3)      To a guardian of the child;

            (4)      To a person who exercises temporary custody or control over the child at the request of a parent or guardian of the child and who is not required otherwise to be licensed;

            (5)      To an individual with whom the child is placed in foster care by:

                  (i)      A licensed placement agency;

                  (ii)      A local department of social services;

                  (iii)      The Secretary of Health and Mental Hygiene;

                  (iv)      The Department; or

                  (v)      A court of competent jurisdiction;

            (6)      To a person who has the care, custody, or control of the child through placement by a parent or grandparent of the child in contemplation of adoption, if the requirements of § 5-507(b)(2) and (c) of the Family Law Article are met;

            (7)      To an institution that has a child care institution license under this title or § 5-509 of the Family Law Article; or

            (8)      To an institution operated by an agency of this State or any political subdivision.